Kodi endoscope ndi chiyani?

Endoscope ndi chubu chachitali, chosinthika chokhala ndi kamera yomangidwira komanso gwero lowunikira lomwe akatswiri azachipatala amawunikira mkati mwa thupi popanda kufunikira kwa opaleshoni yowononga. Ma endoscopes amalola madokotala kuwona mkati mwa kugaya chakudya, kupuma, ndi ziwalo zina zamkati munthawi yeniyeni. Chida chosinthirachi ndichofunikira pakuwunika kwamakono komanso njira zosavutikira pang'ono. Kaya alowetsedwa kudzera m'kamwa, rectum, mphuno, kapena maopaleshoni ang'onoang'ono, ma endoscopes amapereka zithunzi zomveka bwino za malo omwe angafunikire opaleshoni yotsegula kuti afufuze.

Endoscopy-njira yochitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito endoscope-kawirikawiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira chomwe chimayambitsa zizindikiro monga kupweteka kosalekeza, kutuluka magazi m'mimba, kuvuta kumeza, kapena kukula kwachilendo. Chikhalidwe chake chosasokoneza chimachepetsa kwambiri nthawi yochira kwa odwala, chiopsezo cha matenda, ndi zovuta za opaleshoni.

Chifukwa Chake Endoscopes Imafunika Muzamankhwala Amakono

Kukula ndi kupita patsogolo kwa endoscope kwasintha matenda amakono ndi chithandizo. Kuchokera pakuzindikira khansa yoyambilira mpaka kuchiza kutuluka kwa magazi m'mimba nthawi yomweyo, ma endoscopes amapereka mwayi wosayerekezeka ndi thupi la munthu mosavutikira komanso nthawi yopumira.

Endoscopy imakhala ndi gawo lofunikira pakuzindikiritsa koyambirira, komwe ndikofunikira kuchiza matenda monga khansa, zilonda zam'mimba, ndi zotupa zisanakhale zovuta. Kutha kuchita ma biopsies kapena kuchitapo kanthu panjira yomweyo kumawonjezera phindu lalikulu kwa odwala komanso azachipatala.

Kuphatikiza apo, zatsopano monga ma capsule endoscopy, kujambula kwa bandi yopapatiza, ndi ma endoscopy othandizidwa ndi loboti akupitiliza kupititsa patsogolo kulondola, kufikira, komanso chitetezo chaukadaulo wofunikira wachipatala.

Kodi Endoscope Ingayang'anire Chiyani?

Endoscope yamakono imathandiza madokotala kuti ayang'ane mbali zosiyanasiyana za thupi la munthu pogwiritsa ntchito ma endoscopes opangidwa mwapadera. Zidazi zimasiyana kukula, kusinthasintha, ndi magwiridwe antchito kutengera chiwalo kapena dongosolo lomwe likuwunikiridwa. Masiku ano, pali mitundu ingapo yamachitidwe a endoscopic ogwirizana ndi magawo ena amthupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale mwala wapangodya wamankhwala ozindikira komanso achire.

Pansipa pali tsatanetsatane wa mitundu yodziwika bwino ya mayeso a endoscopic ndi madera omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwunika:

Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (EGD)

Njirayi imatchedwanso esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), njirayi imalola madokotala kuti ayang'ane njira yamtunda ya m'mimba, kuphatikizapo kum'mero, m'mimba, ndi gawo loyamba la matumbo aang'ono (duodenum). Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira komanso kuchiza.

Chifukwa chiyani?
Madokotala angalimbikitse EGD pazinthu monga:

• Kutentha kwa mtima kosalekeza kapena acid reflux

• Kuvuta kumeza

• Mseru kapena kusanza kosatha

• Kuonda mosadziwika bwino

• Kutuluka magazi m'mimba

• Amaganiziridwa zilonda kapena zotupa

Kodi chingachitike ndi chiyani panthawiyi?

• Kusonkhanitsa kwa Biopsy

• Kuchotsa polyp kapena zinthu zakunja

• Kuwongolera magazi pogwiritsa ntchito ma clip kapena cauterization

• Kukulitsa madera opapatiza (kukulitsa)

Zoyenera kuyembekezera:
Odwala nthawi zambiri amalandira sedative kuti achepetse kusamva bwino. Mankhwala ogonetsa am'deralo atha kupakidwa pakhosi kuti muchepetse gag reflex. Endoscope imalowetsedwa pang'onopang'ono kudzera mkamwa ndikuwongolera mpaka m'mimba ndi duodenum. Kamera imatumiza zithunzi zowoneka bwino kwambiri kwa wowunikira kuti adotolo awone.

Njirayi nthawi zambiri imatenga mphindi 15-30, ndikutsatiridwa ndi nthawi yayitali mpaka sedation itatha.

Colonoscopy

Njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito endoscope yosinthika yomwe imalowetsedwa kudzera mu rectum kuyang'ana matumbo onse (matumbo akulu) ndi rectum. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito powunika khansa ya m'matumbo ndikuwunika zizindikiro zam'mimba zam'mimba.

Chifukwa chiyani?

• Kuyezetsa khansa ya colorectal (makamaka kwa anthu azaka zopitilira 50)

• Magazi mu chopondapo, kutsegula m'mimba kosatha, kapena kudzimbidwa

• Kuperewera kwa magazi kosadziwika bwino kapena kuwonda

• Amaganiziridwa kuti ma polyps kapena matenda otupa m'matumbo

Kodi chingachitike ndi chiyani panthawiyi?

• Kuchotsa ma polyps m'matumbo

• Ma biopsies a minofu

• Chithandizo cha zilonda zazing'ono kapena kutuluka magazi

Zoyenera kuyembekezera:
Pambuyo pokonzekera matumbo dzulo, odwala amalandira sedation chifukwa cha njirayi. Colonoscope imalowetsedwa kudzera mu rectum, ndipo dokotala amawunika kutalika kwa colon. Ma polyps aliwonse omwe amapezeka amatha kuchotsedwa pomwepo. Mayeso nthawi zambiri amatenga mphindi 30-60. Chifukwa cha sedation, odwala ayenera kukonzekera kukwera kwawo pambuyo pake.

Bronchoscopy

Bronchoscopyamalola madokotala kuti awone mkati mwa trachea ndi bronchi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zothandiza pozindikira matenda a mapapo kapena mpweya.

Chifukwa chiyani?

• Kutsokomola kosatha kapena kutsokomola magazi

• Zomwe zapezeka pachifuwa X-ray kapena CT scan (mwachitsanzo, tinataketa, chibayo chosadziwika bwino)

• Amaganiziridwa kuti zotupa kapena kupuma thupi lachilendo

• Sample minofu kapena madzimadzi pofuna kupewa matenda kapena kuyezetsa khansa

Kodi chingachitike ndi chiyani panthawiyi?

• Kusonkhanitsa zitsanzo za minofu kapena ntchentche

• Kuchotsa matupi achilendo

• Kuwongolera magazi

• Bronchoalveolar lavage (kusamba m'mapapo)

Zoyenera kuyembekezera:
Mankhwala ochititsa dzanzi am'deralo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokoka mpweya; odwala ena amalandiranso mankhwala oledzeretsa. Bronchoscope imalowetsedwa kudzera m'mphuno kapena pakamwa ndikuwongolera mumayendedwe a mpweya. Ndondomeko zambiri kumatenga 20-40 mphindi. Kupweteka kwapakhosi kapena chifuwa kumatha kuchitika pambuyo pake.

Cystoscopy

CystoscopyKulowetsamo kagawo kakang'ono kwambiri kudzera mkodzo kuti muyang'ane chikhodzodzo ndi thirakiti la mkodzo, makamaka kuti mudziwe matenda a mkodzo.

Chifukwa chiyani?

• Magazi mumkodzo (hematuria)

• Kukodza pafupipafupi kapena mwachangu, kuvutika kukodza

• Kusadziletsa

• Amaganiziridwa zotupa za chikhodzodzo kapena miyala

• Matenda a mkodzo kapena zinthu zakunja

Kodi chingachitike ndi chiyani panthawiyi?

• Ma biopsy

• Kuchotsa zotupa zazing'ono kapena miyala

• Kuunika kwa kapangidwe ka chikhodzodzo ndi mphamvu

• Kuyika kwa catheters kapena stents

Zoyenera kuyembekezera:
Kuchitidwa pansi pa opaleshoni ya m'deralo kapena yochepetsetsa pang'ono, kuchuluka kwake kumalowetsedwa kudzera mu mkodzo. Odwala aamuna amatha kumva kusapeza bwino chifukwa cha urethra yayitali. Mayeso nthawi zambiri amatenga mphindi 15-30, ndikuwotcha pang'ono kapena kukodza pafupipafupi kumakhala kofala.

Laparoscopy

Laparoscopy ndi njira yochepetsera pang'ono pomwe endoscope imalowetsedwa m'mimba kudzera m'mabowo ang'onoang'ono pakhoma lamimba. Ndi njira yokhazikika pamachitidwe amakono a opaleshoni.

Chifukwa chiyani?

• Kuzindikira kupweteka kwa m'mimba kapena m'chiuno mosadziwika bwino, kapena kusabereka

• Chithandizo cha ovarian cysts, fibroids, kapena ectopic pregnancy

• Opaleshoni ya ndulu, appendix, kapena hernia

• Biopsy kapena kuwunika kwa zotupa zam'mimba

Kodi chingachitike ndi chiyani panthawiyi?

• Biopsy kapena chotupa kuchotsa

• Kuchotsa ndulu kapena appendix

• Kutulutsidwa kwa adhesion

• Chithandizo cha Endometriosis

Zoyenera kuyembekezera:
Kuchitidwa pansi pa anesthesia wamba, chigawo chimodzi kapena zitatu zazing'ono zimapangidwira pamimba kuti zilowetse laparoscope ndi zida zopangira opaleshoni. Mpweya wa CO₂ umagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti ufufuze pamimba pamimba kuti ziwoneke bwino. Kuchira kumachitika mwachangu, ndikukhala m'chipatala kwakanthawi.

Nasopharyngoscopy / Laryngoscopy

Njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito kagawo kakang'ono, kofewa kapena kolimba kolowetsa mphuno kapena pakamwa poyang'ana mphuno, mmero, ndi larynx.

Chifukwa chiyani?

• Hoarseness, zilonda zapakhosi, kapena vuto kumeza

• Kutsekeka kwa mphuno, kutulutsa, kapena kutuluka magazi

• Amaganiziridwa kuti zotupa, ma polyps, kapena zovuta zamawu

Kodi chingachitike ndi chiyani panthawiyi?

• Unikani ntchito ya zingwe zamawu

• Yang'anani kutseguka kwa nasopharynx ndi Eustachian chubu

• Biopsy ya madera okayikitsa

Zoyenera kuyembekezera:
Kawirikawiri zimachitika m'chipatala ndi anesthesia wamba, palibe sedation yofunika. Kukula kumalowetsedwa kudzera m'mphuno, ndipo mayesowo amatsirizidwa mumphindi zochepa. Kusapeza bwino pang'ono kumakhala kofala, koma nthawi yochira sikufunika.

Hysteroscopy

Hysteroscopykumaphatikizapo kulowetsa kachigawo kakang'ono kamene kakudutsa mu nyini kupita ku chiberekero kuti muwone chiberekero cha chiberekero.

Chifukwa chiyani?

• Kutuluka magazi kwachilendo kwa chiberekero

• Kuunika kwa kusabereka

• Amaganiziridwa kuti ma polyps a endometrial kapena submucosal fibroids

• Kumanga kwa chiberekero

Kodi chingachitike ndi chiyani panthawiyi?

• Biopsy

• Kuchotsa polyp kapena fibroids

• Kupatukana kwa adhesion

• Kusintha kwa IUD

Zoyenera kuyembekezera:
Nthawi zambiri amachitidwa pansi pa anesthesia wamba kapena kugonekedwa pang'ono m'malo achipatala. Kukula kumalowetsedwa kudzera kumaliseche, ndipo madzimadzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukulitsa chiberekero kuti chiwoneke bwino. Nthawi zambiri mayeso amatenga mphindi zosakwana 30.

Arthroscopy

Arthroscopy ndi njira yochepetsera yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira ndi kuchiza matenda olowa m'mafupa, nthawi zambiri pamabondo kapena phewa.

Chifukwa chiyani?

• Kupweteka kwapakati kapena kuyenda kochepa

• Kukayikiridwa kuvulala kwa meniscus kapena ligament

• Kutupa kwa mafupa, matenda, kapena kutupa

• Zosafotokozeredwa zanthawi yayitali zolumikizana

Kodi chingachitike ndi chiyani panthawiyi?

• Kuchotsa zidutswa zotayirira

• Kukonza kapena kutukuta kwa mitsempha kapena chichereŵechereŵe

• Kuchotsa minofu yotupa kapena zinthu zakunja

Zoyenera kuyembekezera:
Nthawi zambiri amachitidwa pansi pa anesthesia, ting'onoting'ono tating'ono timapangidwa mozungulira cholumikizira kuti muyike kukula ndi zida. Kuchira nthawi zambiri kumakhala kofulumira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti izi zikhale zabwino kwambiri pakuvulala pamasewera kapena kukonza pang'ono mafupa.

Mndandanda Wachidule wa Mitundu ya Endoscopy ndi Magawo Oyesedwa

Endoscopy ndi chida chofunikira chodziwira komanso kuchizira chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazachipatala zosiyanasiyana. Gome lomwe lili pansipa likuwonetsa mwachidule mitundu yodziwika bwino ya endoscopy ndi madera ena amthupi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti awunike. Chidulechi chimathandizira kumveketsa bwino njira yomwe ili yoyenera kwambiri pakuwunika zizindikiro kapena mikhalidwe ina.

Zachipatala zamasiku ano zimapereka njira zingapo zama endoscopic zomwe zimapangidwira kuti zizindikire ndikuchiza zigawo zina za thupi mosavutikira pang'ono. Kuchokera ku bronchoscopy kupita ku colonoscopy, hysteroscopy, ndi kupitirira apo, endoscope ndi chida chosunthika chomwe chimapitirizabe kusintha chisamaliro cha odwala kupyolera mu kuzindikira msanga, chithandizo chamankhwala, ndi kuchepetsa nthawi yochira.

Ndiye, endoscope ndi chiyani? Sikamera chabe pachubu—ndi chida chopulumutsa moyo chomwe chimalola madokotala kuwona, kuzindikira, ndi kuchiza matenda amkati popanda kuvulala ndi opaleshoni yotsegula. Kaya mukuchitidwa ndi endoscope yapamwamba, kuphunzira njira ya endoscopy, kapena kutsatira mosamala makonzedwe anu a endoscopy, kumvetsetsa ntchito ndi kufunikira kwa endoscope kungakuthandizeni kupanga zisankho zachipatala.