Endoscope ni iki?

Endoscope ni umuyoboro muremure, woroshye ufite kamera yubatswe hamwe nisoko yumucyo ikoreshwa ninzobere mubuvuzi mugusuzuma imbere mumubiri bidakenewe kubagwa gutera. Endoskopi yemerera abaganga kubona imbere mu nzira yigifu, sisitemu yubuhumekero, nizindi ngingo zimbere mugihe nyacyo. Iki gikoresho cyimpinduramatwara ningirakamaro mugusuzuma kijyambere hamwe nuburyo bworoshye bwo gutera. Haba winjijwe mumunwa, urukiramende, izuru, cyangwa uduce duto two kubaga, endoskopi itanga ishusho isobanutse yibice byasaba kubagwa kumugaragaro.

Endoscopi - uburyo bukorwa hakoreshejwe endoskopi - bukunze gukoreshwa mu kumenya icyateye ibimenyetso nk'ububabare budashira, kuva amaraso gastrointestinal, ingorane zo kumira, cyangwa gukura bidasanzwe. Kamere yacyo idatera igabanya cyane igihe cyo gukira kwabarwayi, ibyago byo kwandura, nibibazo byo kubaga.

Impamvu Endoskopi ifite akamaro mubuvuzi bugezweho

Iterambere niterambere rya endoscope byahinduye kwisuzumisha no kuvura bigezweho. Kuva aho kumenya kanseri yo hambere kugeza kuvura amaraso gastrointestinal aho hantu, endoskopi itanga uburyo butagereranywa bwo kugera kumubiri wumuntu hamwe no kutoroherwa nigihe gito.

Endoscopi igira uruhare runini mugupima hakiri kare, urufunguzo rwo kuvura indwara nka kanseri, ibisebe, hamwe nuburwayi mbere yo gukomera. Ubushobozi bwo gukora biopsies cyangwa intervention mugihe kimwe cyongerera agaciro gakomeye abarwayi naba mavuriro.

Byongeye kandi, udushya nka capsule endoscopy, amashusho mato mato, hamwe na endoskopi ifashwa na robo ikomeje kunoza neza, kugera, n'umutekano by'ikoranabuhanga rikomeye ry'ubuvuzi.

Endoscope ishobora gusuzuma iki?

Endoskopi igezweho ifasha abaganga gusuzuma muburyo butandukanye imiterere yimbere yumubiri wumuntu ukoresheje endoskopi yabugenewe. Ibi bikoresho biratandukanye mubunini, guhinduka, no gukora bitewe nurwego cyangwa sisitemu igenzurwa. Muri iki gihe, hari ubwoko bwinshi bwa endoskopique yuburyo bujyanye n'uturere tumwe na tumwe twumubiri, bukaba umusingi wubuvuzi bwo gusuzuma no kuvura.

Hano haribisobanuro birambuye byubwoko busanzwe bwibizamini bya endoskopi nibice bikoreshwa mugusuzuma:

Indwara ya Gastrointestinal Endoscopi (EGD)

Bizwi kandi nka esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), ubu buryo butuma abaganga basuzuma inzira yo hejuru yigifu, harimo esofagusi, igifu, nigice cyambere cy amara mato (duodenum). Irashobora gukoreshwa mugusuzuma no kuvura.

Kuki bikorwa?
Abaganga barashobora gusaba EGD kubibazo nka:

• Guhorana umuriro cyangwa aside aside

• Kumira bigoye

• Isesemi idakira cyangwa kuruka

• Kugabanuka kudasobanutse

• Amaraso ava mu gifu

• Gukeka ibisebe cyangwa ibibyimba

Niki gishobora gukorwa mugihe gikwiye?

• Icyegeranyo cya biopsy

• Gukuraho ibintu byinshi cyangwa hanze

• Kugenzura amaraso ukoresheje clips cyangwa cauterisation

• Kwagura ahantu hagufi (kwaguka)

Icyo ugomba gutegereza:
Ubusanzwe abarwayi bakira imiti igabanya ubukana. Anesthetic yaho irashobora guterwa mumuhogo kugirango igabanye refleks. Endoscope yinjizwa buhoro mu kanwa hanyuma ikayoborwa mu gifu na duodenum. Kamera yohereza amashusho yikirenga kuri monitor kugirango umuganga asuzume.

Ubusanzwe inzira ifata iminota 15-30, ikurikirwa nigihe gito cyo kwitegereza kugeza igihe sedation irangiye.

Colonoscopy

Ubu buryo bukoresha endoskopi yoroheje yinjijwe mu muyoboro kugira ngo isuzume ururenda rwose (amara manini) na rectum. Bikunze gukoreshwa mugupima kanseri yumura no gusuzuma ibimenyetso byigifu.

Kuki bikorwa?

• Kwipimisha kanseri yibara (cyane cyane kubantu barengeje imyaka 50)

• Amaraso mu ntebe, impiswi idakira, cyangwa impatwe

• Anemia idasobanutse cyangwa guta ibiro

• Gukekwaho colon polyps cyangwa indwara yumura

Niki gishobora gukorwa mugihe gikwiye?

• Kurandura polyps

• Tissue biopsies

• Kuvura ibikomere bito cyangwa kuva amaraso

Icyo ugomba gutegereza:
Nyuma yo gutegura amara ejobundi, abarwayi bakira sedation kubikorwa. Colonoscope yinjizwa muri rectum, hanyuma umuganga asuzuma uburebure bwuzuye bwurwo runini. Polyps iyo ari yo yose iboneka irashobora gukurwaho ahantu. Ikizamini gisanzwe gifata iminota 30-60. Kubera kwikinisha, abarwayi bagomba gutegura urugendo rwo gutaha nyuma.

Bronchoscopy

Bronchoscopyyemerera abaganga kureba imbere muri trachea na bronchi, bikagira akamaro mugupima ibibazo by ibihaha cyangwa inzira zumuyaga.

Kuki bikorwa?

• Inkorora idakira cyangwa gukorora amaraso

• Igituza kidasanzwe X-ray cyangwa CT scan ibisubizo (urugero, nodules, umusonga udasobanutse)

• Ibibyimba bikekwa cyangwa guhumeka umubiri wamahanga

• Guhitamo ingirangingo cyangwa amazi yo kwandura cyangwa gupima kanseri

Niki gishobora gukorwa mugihe gikwiye?

• Gukusanya ingirangingo cyangwa ingero

• Gukuraho imirambo y’amahanga

• Kurwanya amaraso

• Bronchoalveolar lavage (gukaraba ibihaha)

Icyo ugomba gutegereza:
Anesthesi yaho ikoreshwa muburyo bwo guhumeka; abarwayi bamwe na bamwe bakira kwikinisha. Bronchoscope yinjizwa mumazuru cyangwa umunwa ikayoborwa mumyuka. Ubusanzwe inzira imara iminota 20-40. Kurakara mu muhogo cyangwa gukorora bishobora kubaho nyuma.

Cystoscopy

Cystoscopybikubiyemo kwinjiza urwego ruto binyuze muri urethra kugirango ugenzure uruhago nuyoboro winkari, cyane cyane mugupima imiterere yinkari.

Kuki bikorwa?

• Amaraso mu nkari (hematuria)

• Inkari kenshi cyangwa byihutirwa, ingorane zo kwihagarika

• Kudashaka

• Ukekwaho kubyimba uruhago cyangwa amabuye

• Urethral gukomera cyangwa ibintu byamahanga

Niki gishobora gukorwa mugihe gikwiye?

• Biopsies

• Gukuraho ibibyimba bito cyangwa amabuye

• Gusuzuma imiterere y'uruhago n'ubushobozi

• Gushyira catheters cyangwa stent

Icyo ugomba gutegereza:
Bikorewe munsi ya anesthesi yaho cyangwa kwikinisha byoroheje, urugero rwinjizwa muri urethra. Abarwayi b'abagabo barashobora kumva batamerewe neza kubera urethra ndende. Ikizamini gisanzwe gifata iminota 15-30, hamwe no gutwika byoroheje cyangwa kwihagarika kenshi nyuma bikaba bisanzwe.

Laparoscopy

Laparoscopi ni uburyo bworoshye bwo gutera aho endoskopi yinjizwa mu nda ikoresheje uduce duto mu rukuta rw'inda. Nubuhanga busanzwe mubikorwa byo kubaga bigezweho.

Kuki bikorwa?

• Gupima ububabare bwo munda budasobanutse cyangwa ububabare, cyangwa ubugumba

• Kuvura intanga ngore, fibroide, cyangwa gutwita kwa ectopique

• Gallbladder, umugereka, cyangwa kubaga hernia

• Biopsy cyangwa gusuzuma ibibyimba byo munda

Niki gishobora gukorwa mugihe gikwiye?

• Gukuraho biopsy cyangwa ikibyimba

• Gallbladder cyangwa gukuraho umugereka

• Kurekura

• Kuvura endometriose

Icyo ugomba gutegereza:
Bikorewe munsi ya anesthesia rusange, igice kimwe kugeza kuri bitatu bito bikozwe munda kugirango binjizemo laparoscope nibikoresho byo kubaga. Umwuka wa CO₂ ukoreshwa mu kuziba mu nda kugira ngo ugaragare neza. Gusubirana mubisanzwe byihuse, hamwe nibitaro bigumaho.

Nasopharyngoscopy / Laryngoscopy

Ubu buryo bukoresha urugero ruto, rworoshye cyangwa rukomeye rwinjijwe mu mazuru cyangwa mu kanwa kugira ngo rusuzume urwungano ngogozi, umuhogo, na larynx.

Kuki bikorwa?

• Gutontoma, kubabara mu muhogo, cyangwa ikibazo cyo kumira

• Kuzunguruka mu mazuru, gusohora, cyangwa kuva amaraso

• Ibibyimba bikekwa, polyps, cyangwa imiyoboro y'ijwi

Niki gishobora gukorwa mugihe gikwiye?

• Suzuma imikorere y'ijwi

• Kugenzura imiyoboro ya nasofarynx na Eustachian

• Biopsy yibice bikekwa

Icyo ugomba gutegereza:
Mubisanzwe bikorerwa mumavuriro hamwe na anesthesi yaho, nta sedation ikenewe. Ingano yinjizwa mumazuru, kandi ikizamini kirangiye muminota mike. Kworoherwa byoroheje birasanzwe, ariko igihe cyo gukira ntigisabwa.

Hysteroscopy

Hysteroscopybikubiyemo kwinjiza urwego ruto binyuze mu gitsina muri nyababyeyi kugira ngo urebe neza mu nda ibyara.

Kuki bikorwa?

• Amaraso adasanzwe

• Isuzuma ry'ubugumba

• Ukekwaho endometrale polyps cyangwa fibroide ya subucosal

• Inda

Niki gishobora gukorwa mugihe gikwiye?

• Biopsy

• Gukuraho polyp cyangwa fibroid

• Gutandukana kwa Adhesion

• Gushyira IUD

Icyo ugomba gutegereza:
Mubisanzwe bikorwa munsi ya anesthesi yaho cyangwa kwikinisha byoroheje mugihe cyo hanze. Ingano yinjizwa mu gitsina, kandi amazi akoreshwa mu kwagura umura wa nyababyeyi kugirango urebe neza. Ikizamini muri rusange gifata iminota itarenze 30.

Arthroscopy

Arthroscopy nuburyo butagaragara cyane bukoreshwa mugupima no kuvura ibibazo bihuriweho, mubisanzwe mumavi cyangwa urutugu.

Kuki bikorwa?

• Kubabara hamwe cyangwa kugenda kugarukira

• Ukekwaho gukomeretsa menisk cyangwa ligament

• Kubyimba hamwe, kwandura, cyangwa gutwika

• Ibibazo bidasobanutse bihuriweho hamwe

Niki gishobora gukorwa mugihe gikwiye?

• Gukuraho ibice bidakabije

• Gusana cyangwa kudoda ligaments cyangwa karitsiye

• Gukuraho ibice byaka cyangwa ibikoresho byamahanga

Icyo ugomba gutegereza:
Mubisanzwe bikorwa munsi ya anesthesia, uduce duto dukorerwa hafi yingingo kugirango winjize urugero nibikoresho. Gusubirana mubisanzwe byihuse, gukora iyi ntego yo gukomeretsa siporo cyangwa gusana byoroheje.

Incamake Imbonerahamwe yubwoko bwa Endoskopi nakarere kabo kasuzumwe

Endoscopi nigikoresho cyingenzi cyo gusuzuma no kuvura gikoreshwa mubuvuzi butandukanye. Imbonerahamwe ikurikira iratanga incamake yubwoko busanzwe bwa endoskopi hamwe nibice byihariye byumubiri bakoreshwa mugusuzuma. Iyi ncamake ifasha gusobanura inzira ikwiranye no gusuzuma ibimenyetso cyangwa ibihe.

Ubuvuzi bwubu butanga uburyo bwinshi bwa endoskopi yuburyo bugamije gusuzuma no kuvura uturere tumwe na tumwe twumubiri hamwe na invasiveness nkeya. Kuva kuri bronchoscopi kugeza kuri colonoskopi, hysteroskopi, ndetse no hanze yacyo, endoskopi nigikoresho kinini gikomeza guhindura ubuvuzi bw’abarwayi binyuze mu gutahura hakiri kare, kuvura intego, no kugabanya igihe cyo gukira.

None, endoscope ni iki? Ntabwo birenze kamera kuri tube - ni igikoresho gikiza ubuzima cyemerera abaganga kubona, gusuzuma, no kuvura imiterere yimbere nta ihahamuka ryo kubagwa kumugaragaro. Waba uri muri endoskopi yo hejuru, wiga uburyo bukoreshwa kuri endoskopi, cyangwa gukurikiza witonze gahunda yawe ya endoskopi, gusobanukirwa imikorere nakamaro ka endoscope birashobora kugufasha gufata ibyemezo byubuzima byuzuye.