Yintoni i-colonoscopy

I-colonoscopy luvavanyo lwamathumbu amakhulu usebenzisa ikholonoscope yevidiyo eguquguqukayo ethumela imifanekiso ephezulu kwi-monitor. Kutyelelo olunye olungenabungozi obuncinci, ugqirha unokujonga kwi-rectum kunye nekholoni, asuse iipolyps, athathe iisampulu zezicubu ezincinci (i-biopsies), kwaye ayeke ukopha kancinci. Ngokufumana kunye nokunyanga ukukhula kwe-precancerous kwangethuba-kaninzi phambi kweempawu-i-colonoscopy yehlisa umngcipheko womhlaza we-colorectal kwaye inceda ukuchaza iingxaki ezifana nokopha okanye utshintsho oluhlala ixesha elide.

Kutheni ufuna iColonoscopy?

Iingxaki ze-colorectal zinokukhula ngokuthula iminyaka. Uvavanyo lwekholonoscopic lunokubona iipolyps ezincinci, ukopha okufihliweyo, okanye ukudumba ixesha elide ngaphambi kokuba kuvele iintlungu okanye iimpawu ezicacileyo. Kubantu abadala abasemngciphekweni ophakathi, ukususa iipolyps ezinobungozi ngexesha lotyelelo olufanayo kunceda ukuthintela umhlaza. Kubantu abopha nge-rectal, i-iron-deficiency anemia, uvavanyo olulungileyo lwesitulo, isifo sohudo esingapheliyo, okanye imbali yentsapho eyomeleleyo, i-colonoscopy ekhawulezayo icacisa isizathu kunye nesikhokelo sonyango. Ngamafutshane, ikholonoscope ivumela ugqirha wakho ukuba axilonge kwaye anyange ngeseshoni enye.

Izizathu eziqhelekileyo

• Ukopha kwe-rectal, intlungu eqhubekayo yesisu, utshintsho kwimikhwa yamathumbu, ukulahleka kwesisindo esingenakuchazwa

• I-FIT eqinisekileyo okanye uvavanyo lwe-DNA lwesitulo olufuna ukuqinisekiswa nge-colonoscopy

• I-iron-deficiency anemia okanye isifo sohudo esihlala ixesha elide ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo

Izibonelelo zothintelo

• Isusa i-adenomas ukuvala indlela "yepolyp → umhlaza".

• Ujoliso kwi-biopsies ukuze ukuxilongwa kukhawuleze kwaye kuchaneke ngakumbi

• Unyanga imiba ngexesha lotyelelo olufanayo (ukulawula ukopha, ukuhlanjululwa, ukwenza umvambo)

Ubudala bungakanani onokuthi ufumane iColonoscopy

Uninzi lwabantu abadala abasemngciphekweni ophakathi kufuneka baqale ukukhangela kwisikhokelo esicetyiswayo seminyaka yobudala kuba ithuba leepolyps eziphambili linyuka ngokukhula. Ukuba isihlobo sokuqala sinomhlaza we-colorectal okanye i-adenoma ephezulu, ukuhlolwa kudla ngokuqala kwangethuba-ngamanye amaxesha iminyaka eyi-10 ngaphambi kokuxilongwa kwesihlobo. Abantu abane-syndromes ye-hereditary okanye isifo sokudumba kwexesha elide bafuna isicwangciso esilungiselelweyo esiqala sincinci kwaye siphinda rhoqo. Yabelana ngembali yosapho lwakho ukuze ishedyuli yakho ilungele wena.

Umyinge wendlela yomngcipheko

• Qala kwiminyaka ecetyiswayo yelizwe lakho okanye ummandla

• Ukuba uviwo luqhelekileyo kwaye lukumgangatho ophezulu, landela ikhefu eliqhelekileyo

• Inkxaso yothintelo ngemikhwa enempilo (ifayibha, umsebenzi, ukungatshayi)

Umngcipheko ophezulu uqalisa

• Imbali yosapho: qala kwangethuba kunomndilili

• I-syndromes ye-Genetic (umzekelo, i-Lynch): qalisa kwangaphambili, phinda rhoqo

• I-ulcerative colitis/Crohn's colitis: qalisa ukubeka iliso emva kweminyaka yesifo

Iimpawu ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe ukuhlolwa kwangaphambili

• Izalamane ezininzi ezinomhlaza wesisu okanye uxilongo oluncinci kakhulu

• Imbali yomntu ye-adenomas okanye izilonda zerrated

• Ukopha okuqhubekayo okanye i-anemia nangona iimvavanyo ezingabonakaliyo

Kufuneka Uyenze kangaphi iColonoscopy

Ukuphindaphinda ukulinganisa ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza. Ukuba uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo, olukumgangatho ophezulu alubonisi iipolyps, itshekhi elandelayo idla ngokuba yiminyaka kude. Ukuba iipolyps zifunyenwe, ikhefu lifinyeza ngokusekelwe ekubeni zingaphi, zikhulu kangakanani, kwaye ziluhlobo luni; iimpawu eziphambili zithetha ukulandelwa okukufutshane. Isifo sokukrala kwamathumbu, imbali yosapho eyomeleleyo, okanye ukulungiselela kakubi nako kunokunciphisa amaxesha amisiweyo. Umhla wakho olandelayo uhlala uxhomekeke kwiziphumo zanamhlanje-gcina ingxelo yakho kwaye wabelane ngayo xa uyilandelela.

Ikhefu ngokufunyenweyo

• Uviwo oluqhelekileyo, olukumgangatho ophezulu: elona xesha lide

• I-adenomas enye okanye ezimbini ezincinci ezinobungozi obuphantsi: ikhefu eliphakathi

• I-adenomas ezintathu okanye ngaphezulu, ubukhulu obukhulu, okanye iimpawu eziphambili: ixesha elifutshane

Yintoni enokutshintsha isithuba

• Uviwo olungaphelelanga okanye ukulungiselela amathumbu kakubi → phinda ngokukhawuleza

• Imbali yosapho olomeleleyo okanye i-syndrome yemfuzo → uqwalaselo olusondeleyo

• Iimpawu ezintsha “ze-alarm” → zivavanye ngokukhawuleza; sukulinda

Inkqubo yeColonoscopy Inyathelo ngeNyathelo

Ungena, uphonononge amayeza kunye nokwaliwa, kwaye ufumane i-sedative nge-IV yokuthuthuzela. Ugqirha uqhubela phambili ngobunono ikholonoscope eguquguqukayo ukuya ekuqaleni kwekholoni (cecum). Umoya okanye i-CO₂ ivula ikholoni ukuze i-lining ibonakale ngokucacileyo; ividiyo enenkcazo ephezulu iqaqambisa amanxeba amancinci, acaba. Iipolyps zinokukhutshwa ngomgibe okanye ngeforce, kwaye ukopha kunokunyangwa. Emva kokucotha, ukuhoxiswa ngokucophelela kunye namaxwebhu, uphumla ngokufutshane kwaye uye ekhaya kwangolo suku kunye nengxelo ebhaliweyo.

Yintoni onokuyilindela

• Ukufika: imvume, ukuhlolwa kokhuseleko, iimpawu ezibalulekileyo

• I-Sedation: Ukubeka iliso rhoqo kwintuthuzelo kunye nokhuseleko

• Uvavanyo: Ukuhlolwa ngononophelo ngexesha lokurhoxa ukufumana iipolyps ezifihlakeleyo

• Ukhathalelo lwasemva: ukuchacha okufutshane, isidlo esilula xa sivukile ngokupheleleyo

Iimpawu zomgangatho

• Ukuqinisekiswa kwefoto ye-cecal intubation (uviwo olupheleleyo)

• Amanqaku afanelekileyo okulungiselela amathumbu ukuze ubone iimbono ezicacileyo

• Ixesha elaneleyo lokurhoxisa ukunyusa amazinga okubona

Imingcipheko yeColonoscopy kunye neNgqwalasela yoKhuseleko

I-Colonoscopy ikhuselekile kakhulu, kodwa iziphumo ezincinci ezifana negesi, ukuqunjelwa, okanye ukozela zixhaphakile kwaye zihlala ixesha elifutshane. Iingozi ezingaqhelekanga ziquka ukopha-ngokuqhelekileyo emva kokususwa kwe-polyp-kwaye, ngokungaqhelekanga, ukubhobhoza (ukukrazula emathunjini). Ukukhetha i-endoscopist enamava kwiziko eliqinisekisiweyo kunciphisa le mingcipheko. Ukwabelana ngoluhlu lwakho olupheleleyo lwamayeza (ingakumbi amayeza anciphisa igazi) kunye nokulandela imiyalelo yolungiselelo ngokusondeleyo kuphucula ngakumbi ukhuseleko. Ukuba kukho into ezivayo emva koko, fowunela iqela lakho lokhathalelo ngokukhawuleza.

Iziphumo zexesha elifutshane

• Irhasi, ukugcwala, i-cramps ethambileyo evela emoyeni okanye i-CO₂ esetyenziswe ngexesha loviwo

• Ukulala okwexeshana ukusuka ekuthotyweni

• Imivimbo encinci yegazi ukuba iipolyps ezincinci zisusiwe

Iingxaki ezinqabileyo

• Ukugqobhoza okunokufuna ukhathalelo olungxamisekileyo

• Ukopha ngokukhawuleza emva kokususwa kwe-polyp

• Ukusabela kwi-sedative okanye ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni

Ziqheleke kangakanani iingxaki?

• Ukugqobhoza: malunga ne-0.02%–0.1% kwiimviwo zokuxilonga; ukuya kuthi ga kwi ~ 0.1% -0.3% ngokususwa kwepolyp

• Ukuphuma kwegazi emva kwe-polypectomy ephawulekayo: malunga ne-0.3% -1.0%; indawo encinci inokwenzeka kwaye ihlala ihlala

• Iingxaki ezinxulumene ne-sedation ezifuna ukungenelela: okungaqhelekanga, malunga ne-0.1% -0.5%; ukozela kancinci kulindeleke

• Iimpawu ezincinci (i-bloating, cramps): ziqhelekileyo kwaye zihlala zifutshane kwiqhekeza elibonakalayo lezigulane

Ukubuyiselwa kweColonoscopy kunye noNyango lwasemva

Cwangcisa ukukhwela ugoduke ngenxa yokuthomalalisa. Qala ngokutya okulula kunye nolwelo oluninzi; Uninzi lwegesi kunye neekram ziphela kwiiyure nje ezimbalwa. Funda ingxelo yakho eprintiweyo-idwelisa ubungakanani bepolyp, inombolo, kunye nendawo-kwaye ulindele iziphumo ze-pathology kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ukuba ii-biopsies zathathwa. Fowuna kwakamsinyane ukopha okukhulu, ifiva, iintlungu eziqatha zesisu, okanye ukugabha okuphindaphindiweyo. Gcina zonke iingxelo; umhla wakho olandelayo colonoscopy ixhomekeke kwiziphumo zanamhlanje kunye nomgangatho woviwo.

Ixesha lokubuyisela

• Iiyure ze-0-2: ukuphumla ekubuyiseleni; igesi epholileyo okanye ubuthongo buqhelekileyo; qala ukuphunga ulwelo xa ucoliwe

• Kwamini enye: ukutya okulula njengoko kunyanyezelwe; kuphephe ukuqhuba, utywala, nezigqibo ezinkulu; ukuhamba kunciphisa ukudumba

• Iiyure ezingama-24-48: abantu abaninzi baziva beqhelekile; amabala amancinci angenzeka emva kokususwa kwe-polyp; phinda uqalise inkqubo yesiqhelo ngaphandle kokuba uxelelwe ngenye indlela

Uluhlu lokukhangela losuku olunye

• Musa ukuqhuba okanye utyikitye amaphepha asemthethweni emva kokuthomalalisa

• Yitya kancinci ekuqaleni; ukwanda njengoko kunyanyezelwe

• Gwema utywala kwiiyure ezingama-24 kwaye ubuyisele amanzi kakuhle

Utsalela nini umnxeba ekliniki

• Ukopha kakhulu okanye okuqhubekayo

• Umkhuhlane okanye intlungu yesisu eyandayo

• Isiyezi okanye ukungakwazi ukugcina ulwelo phantsi

I-Colonoscopy yokuHlola umhlaza weColorrectal

I-Colonoscopy ngumgangatho wegolide kuba inokufumana kunye nokususa izilonda ezinobungozi kutyelelo olunye. Uvavanyo olunye olukumgangatho ophezulu lwehlisa umngcipheko womhlaza wexesha elizayo ngokucoca i-adenomas enokukhula ngokuhamba kweminyaka. Iinkqubo zokuhlola ngokuthatha inxaxheba kakuhle ziphucula ukuphila kulo lonke uluntu. Iimvavanyo ezingezizo ezothusayo ziluncedo, kodwa iziphumo ezilungileyo zisafuna uvavanyo lwekholonoscopic. Ukulandela ishedyuli ecacileyo, esekelwe kwisikhokelo kunye neqela elinobuchule linika ukhuseleko lwexesha elide.

Kutheni isebenza kakuhle kangaka

• Umbono othe ngqo wodonga lwamathumbu kunye nekholonoscope

• Ukususwa kwangoko kweepolyps ezikrokrelekayo

• Ii-Biopsies zeempendulo ezichanekileyo xa kufuneka

Yintoni ephakamisa impumelelo yenkqubo

• Ukwazisa uluntu kunye nokufikelela lula ekuhlolweni

• Ukulungiselela izibilini ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunye nokugqiba iimviwo

• Ukulandelela okuthembekileyo emva kweemvavanyo ezintle ezingabonakaliyo

Isikhokelo sokuLungiswa kweColonoscopy

Ukulungiselela kakuhle yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo yovavanyo. Ikholoni ecocekileyo yenza ugqirha abone amanxeba amancinane, acaba kwaye aphephe ukuphinda iimviwo. Landela ukutya okunentsalela ephantsi njengoko kucetyisiwe, emva koko utshintshe kulwelo olucacileyo kusuku olungaphambili. Thatha i-laxative yedosi yokwahlula kanye ngokweshedyuli; gqiba isiqingatha sesibini iiyure ezininzi phambi kokufika. Ukuba ubona "i-colonoscop prep" ikhankanywe kwi-intanethi, ithetha nje amanyathelo okulungiselela i-colonoscopy. Sebenza nogqirha wakho ukulungisa amayeza anciphisa igazi kunye neswekile ngokukhuselekileyo. Ukulungiselela okukhulu kwenza i-colonoscopy ibe mfutshane, ikhuseleke, kwaye ichaneke ngakumbi.

Ukutya kunye nexesha

• Ukutya okunentsalela ephantsi kwiintsuku ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3 ngaphambi kokuba uyalelwe

• Sula ulwelo kusuku olungaphambili; ziphephe iidayi ezibomvu okanye eziluhlaza

• Akukho nto ngomlomo ngexesha lefestile yokuzila ukutya isethi yeqela lakho

Iingcebiso zokulungiselela

• I-prep yedosi yokwahlula icoca ngcono kunedosi enye

• Pholisa isisombululo kwaye usebenzise i-straw ukwenza lula

• Qhubeka usela ulwelo olucacileyo kude kube lixesha lokuyeka

Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo kunye nezilungiso - iimeko zangempela

• Ityala loku-1 (impazamo): uyeke ulwelo olucacileyo kwangoko kwaye uleqise idosi yokuqala → Isiphumo: iziphumo ezityebileyo ngentsasa yoviwo; ukubonakala kakubi. Ukulungiswa: Gqibezela idosi yokuqala ngexesha, gcina ulwelo olucacileyo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-cutoff evumelekileyo, kwaye uqale idosi yesibini ngeyure ecwangcisiweyo.

• Ityala lesi-2 (impazamo): utye ukutya okunefayibha eninzi emva kwemini phambi kwamalungiselelo → Isiphumo: izinto eziqinileyo ezishiyekileyo; uviwo kuye kwafuneka lumiselwe ngokutsha. Ukulungiswa: qalisa intsalela ephantsi kwangoko kwaye uphephe imbewu, izikhumba, iinkozo ezipheleleyo kangangeentsuku ezi-2-3 ukuba uyacetyiswa.

• Ityala lesi-3 (impazamo): wanciphisa igazi ngaphandle kokujonga → Isiphumo: inkqubo ilibazisekile ukuze kukhuseleke. Ulungiso: jonga kwakhona onke amayeza kunye neqela kwiveki ezayo; landela isicwangciso esichanekileyo sokumisa/ibhulorho.

Iintsomi zeColonoscopy vs Iinyani

Iintsomi zinokugcina abantu kukhathalelo oluluncedo. Ukuzisusa kwenza izigqibo zibe lula kwaye zikhuseleke kuye wonke umntu ocinga nge-colonoscopy.

Ngokulungiselela ngononophelo kunye neqela elinamava, i-colonoscopy esebenzisa i-colonoscopy yanamhlanje inika indlela ekhuselekileyo, esebenzayo yokuthintela umhlaza kunye nokucacisa iimpawu ezikhathazayo. Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo zidla ngokuthetha ikhefu elide kude kube kuvavanyo olulandelayo, ngelixa iipolyps okanye iziphumo zomngcipheko ophezulu zibiza ukulandelwa okukufutshane. Gcina iingxelo zakho, uhlaziye imbali yosapho, kwaye ulandele isicwangciso enivumelana ngaso. Ngeshedyuli ecacileyo yekolonoscop kunye nokhathalelo lwe-colonoscopy ngexesha elifanelekileyo, abaninzi abantu bagcina ukhuseleko oluqinileyo, ixesha elide kumhlaza we-colorectal.

FAQ

1. Yintoni i-colonoscopy

   I-colonoscopy luvavanyo lwamathumbu amakhulu esebenzisa ikholonoscope yevidiyo eguquguqukayo ukubonisa umgca wangaphakathi kwisikrini. Ugqirha unokususa iipolyps kwaye athathe i-biopsies kutyelelo olufanayo.

2. Kufuneka ndifumane iminyaka emingaphi i-colonoscopy

   Uninzi lwabantu abadala abasemngciphekweni baqala kwiminyaka ekhokelayo yokuhlolwa. Ukuba isalamane esisondeleyo sinomhlaza we-colorectal okanye i-adenoma ephezulu unokuqala kwangethuba malunga neminyaka elishumi ngaphambi kokuba izalamane zifunyanwe ubudala.

3. Kukangaphi ndiyifuna i-colonoscopy ukuba isiphumo sam siqhelekile

   Emva komgangatho ophezulu weemviwo eziqhelekileyo itshekhi elandelayo imiselwe ixesha elide. Ingxelo yakho idwelisa umhla omiselweyo kwaye kufuneka uze naloo ngxelo kutyelelo oluzayo.

4. Kutheni i-colonoscopy ibizwa ngokuba ngumgangatho wegolide

   Uvavanyo lwekholonoscopic luvumela ugqirha ukuba abone ikholoni yonke kwaye asuse izilonda ezinomhlaza ngoko nangoko. Oku kwehlisa umngcipheko womhlaza wexesha elizayo ngaphezu kovavanyo olufumanisa kuphela igazi okanye i-DNA kwisitulo.

5. Ziziphi iimpawu ezithethelela uvavanyo lwekholonoscopic yoxilongo

   Ukopha okuthe gqolo kwamathumbu okuguquguquka kwesinyithi ukunqongophala kweanemia kuvavanyo olulungileyo lwesitulo kunye neentlungu zesisu ezingachazwanga zizinto eziqhelekileyo. Imbali yosapho eyomeleleyo ikwaxhasa uvandlakanyo lwangexesha.