Colonoscopi ni iki

Colonoscopi ni ikizamini cy'amara manini ukoresheje videwo yoroheje ya colonoskopi yohereza amashusho asobanura neza kuri monite. Mugihe kimwe cyo gusura byoroheje, umuganga arashobora kureba urukiramende na colon, gukuramo polyps, gufata ingero ntoya (biopsies), no guhagarika kuva amaraso make. Mugushakisha no kuvura imikurire yambere hakiri kare - akenshi mbere yibimenyetso - colonoscopi igabanya ibyago byo kurwara kanseri yibara kandi igafasha gusobanura ibibazo nko kuva amaraso cyangwa guhinduka kumara igihe kirekire

Kuki Ukeneye Colonoscopi

Ibibazo by'amabara birashobora gukura bucece imyaka. Ikizamini cya colonoskopi gishobora kubona polyps ntoya, kuva amaraso yihishe, cyangwa gutwikwa mbere yuko ububabare cyangwa ibimenyetso bigaragara. Ku bantu bakuze bafite ibyago byinshi, gukuraho polyps preancerous mugihe kimwe cyo gusura bifasha kwirinda kanseri. Ku bantu bafite amaraso ava mu mitsi, kubura amaraso make, kwipimisha neza ku ntebe, impiswi idakira, cyangwa amateka akomeye mu muryango, colonoskopi yihuse isobanura icyabiteye kandi ikanayobora ubuvuzi. Muri make, colonoscope ireka umuganga wawe agasuzuma kandi akavura mugice kimwe.

Impamvu rusange

• Kuva amaraso neza, kubabara munda bikomeje, guhindura ingeso zo munda, kugabanuka kudasobanutse

• Ikizamini cyiza cya FIT cyangwa intebe ya ADN ikeneye kwemezwa na colonoscopi

• Kubura fer nke cyangwa kubura impiswi ndende nta mpamvu igaragara

Inyungu zo kwirinda

• Kuraho adenoma kugirango uhagarike inzira ya "polyp → kanseri"

• Intego biopsies rero kwisuzumisha byihuse kandi byukuri

• Ikemura ibibazo mugihe kimwe cyo gusura (kugenzura amaraso, kwaguka, kwishushanya)

Ni imyaka ingahe ukwiye kubona Colonoscopi

Abantu benshi bakuze bafite ibyago byinshi bagomba gutangira kwisuzumisha kumyaka yashizweho nubuyobozi kuko amahirwe ya polyps yateye imbere azamuka nimyaka. Niba umuvandimwe wo mu rwego rwa mbere yarwaye kanseri yibara cyangwa adenoma yateye imbere, kwisuzumisha akenshi bitangira kare - rimwe na rimwe imyaka 10 mbere yimyaka yo kwisuzumisha. Abantu bafite syndromes yumurage cyangwa indwara yamara yamara igihe kirekire bakeneye gahunda yihariye itangira ikiri nto kandi igasubiramo kenshi. Sangira amateka yumuryango wawe kugirango gahunda yawe ibashe kuguhuza.

Impuzandengo-yingaruka

• Tangira kumyaka isabwa mugihugu cyawe cyangwa akarere

• Niba ikizamini gisanzwe kandi cyiza-cyiza, kurikiza intera isanzwe

• Shigikira gukumira hamwe ningeso nziza (fibre, ibikorwa, nta kunywa itabi)

Ibyago byinshi biratangira

• Amateka yumuryango: tangira kare ugereranije

• Syndromes genetike (urugero, Lynch): tangira kare cyane, subiramo kenshi

• Ulcerative colitis / Colitis ya Crohn: tangira gukurikiranwa nyuma yimyaka yindwara

Ibimenyetso byo gusuzuma mbere

• Abavandimwe benshi barwaye kanseri yibara cyangwa basuzumye cyane

• Amateka yumuntu wa adenoma cyangwa ibikomere

• Gukomeza kuva amaraso cyangwa kubura amaraso nubwo bipimisha bidashoboka

Ni kangahe Ukwiye Kugira Colonoscopi

Inshuro iringaniza kurinda nibikorwa. Niba ibizamini bisanzwe, byujuje ubuziranenge byerekana nta polyps, igenzura ritaha ni imyaka mike. Niba habonetse polyps, intera iragabanuka ukurikije umubare, ingano, nubwoko bwoko; ibintu byateye imbere bisobanura gukurikiranwa hafi. Indwara yo mu mara, amateka akomeye yumuryango, cyangwa imyiteguro mibi nayo irashobora kugabanya igihe. Itariki yawe itaha itaha buri gihe biterwa nibisubizo byuyu munsi - komeza raporo yawe uyisangire kubikurikirana.

Intera kubisubizo

• Ikizamini gisanzwe, cyiza-cyiza: intera ndende

• Kimwe cyangwa bibiri bito bito-byoroheje adenoma: intera iringaniye

• Bitatu cyangwa byinshi adenoma, ubunini bunini, cyangwa ibintu byateye imbere: intera ngufi

Niki gishobora guhindura intera

• Ikizamini kituzuye cyangwa amara mabi ategura → subiramo vuba

• Amateka akomeye yumuryango cyangwa syndrome de genetique → gukurikiranira hafi

• Ibimenyetso bishya “gutabaza” → gusuzuma vuba; ntutegereze

Uburyo bwa Colonoscopi Intambwe ku yindi

Ugenzura, usubiramo imiti na allergie, kandi wakire imiti igabanya ubukana binyuze muri IV kugirango ihumurizwe. Muganga atera imbere yitonze colonoscope yoroheje intangiriro yumura (cecum). Umwuka cyangwa CO₂ bifungura ururondogoro kugirango umurongo ugaragare neza; videwo isobanura cyane yerekana ibikomere bito. Polyps irashobora gukurwaho umutego cyangwa imbaraga, kandi kuva amaraso birashobora kuvurwa. Nyuma yo gutinda, kwitonda no kubyandika, uruhuka gato hanyuma ugataha umunsi umwe hamwe na raporo yanditse.

Icyo ugomba gutegereza

• Kugera: kwemererwa, kugenzura umutekano, ibimenyetso byingenzi

• Kurya: guhora ukurikirana ihumure n'umutekano

• Ikizamini: kugenzura neza mugihe cyo gukuramo kugirango ubone polyps zoroshye

• Nyuma yubuvuzi: gukira kugufi, ifunguro ryoroheje rimaze gukanguka rwose

Ibimenyetso byiza

• Ifoto yemeza cecal intubation (ikizamini cyuzuye)

• Amanota ahagije yo gutegura amara kubitekerezo bisobanutse

• Igihe gihagije cyo kubikuza kugirango uzamure igipimo cyo gutahura

Ingaruka za Colonoscopy hamwe no gutekereza kumutekano

Colonoscopy ifite umutekano cyane, ariko ingaruka ntoya nka gaze, kubyimba, cyangwa gusinzira birasanzwe kandi biramba. Ingaruka zidasanzwe zirimo kuva amaraso-mubisanzwe nyuma yo gukuramo polyp-kandi, gake, gutobora (amarira munda). Guhitamo endoskopiste inararibonye mubigo byemewe bigabanya izi ngaruka. Kugabana urutonde rwimiti rwuzuye (cyane cyane kumena amaraso) no gukurikiza amabwiriza yo kwitegura neza kurushaho umutekano. Niba hari ikintu cyunvikana nyuma, hamagara itsinda ryita kubitaho vuba.

Ingaruka z'igihe gito

• Gazi, kuzura, kugabanuka byoroheje biva mu kirere cyangwa CO₂ bikoreshwa mugihe cyizamini

• Gusinzira by'agateganyo biturutse ku gutuza

• Amaraso mato mato niba hakuweho polyps nto

Ntibisanzwe

• Gutobora bishobora gukenera kwitabwaho byihutirwa

• Gutinda kuva amaraso nyuma yo gukuraho polyp

• Ibisubizo kubitera imbaraga cyangwa kubura umwuma

Ni bangahe ingorane?

• Gutobora: hafi 0.02% –0.1% kubizamini byo gusuzuma; kugeza ~ 0.1% –0.3% hamwe no gukuraho polyp

• Amaraso akomeye nyuma ya polypectomy ava amaraso: hafi 0.3% –1.0%; utuntu duto dushobora kubaho kandi mubisanzwe biratuza

• Ibibazo bijyanye na sedation bisaba gutabarwa: ntibisanzwe, hafi 0.1% –0.5%; gusinzira byoroheje biteganijwe

• Ibimenyetso bito (kubyimba, kubabara): bisanzwe kandi bimara igihe gito mubice bigaragara byabarwayi

Kwakira kwa Colonoscopy na Aftercare

Tegura urugendo rwo gutaha kubera kwikinisha. Tangira amafunguro yoroheje n'amazi menshi; gaze nyinshi hamwe na cramps bishira mumasaha. Soma raporo yawe yanditse - irerekana ubunini bwa polyp, umubare, hamwe n’aho biherereye - kandi utegere ibisubizo by’indwara mu minsi mike niba biopi yarafashwe. Hamagara vuba kugirango amaraso menshi, umuriro, ububabare bukabije bwo munda, cyangwa kuruka kenshi. Bika raporo zose; itariki yawe ya colonoscopi iterwa nubushakashatsi bwuyu munsi nubuziranenge bwikizamini.

Igihe cyo gukira

• Amasaha 0-2: kuruhuka gukira; gazi yoroheje cyangwa gusinzira birasanzwe; tangira kunyunyuza amazi iyo asukuwe

• Umunsi umwe: ifunguro ryoroheje nkuko ryihanganirwa; irinde gutwara, inzoga, n'ibyemezo bikomeye; kugenda byoroha kubyimba

• Amasaha 24-48: abantu benshi bumva ari ibisanzwe; utuntu duto dushobora kubaho nyuma yo gukuraho polyp; gusubukura gahunda isanzwe keretse ubwiwe ukundi

Urutonde rwumunsi umwe

• Ntutware cyangwa ngo usinye impapuro zemewe nyuma yo kwikinisha

• Banza urye byoroheje; kwiyongera nkuko byihanganirwa

• Irinde inzoga amasaha 24 hanyuma ushiremo neza

Igihe cyo guhamagara ivuriro

• Amaraso menshi cyangwa akomeje

• Kugira umuriro cyangwa ububabare bwo munda

• Kuzunguruka cyangwa kudashobora kugumya amazi

Colonoscopi yo gusuzuma Kanseri yibara

Colonoscopy nigipimo cya zahabu kuko irashobora kubona no gukuraho ibikomere byabanjirije gusurwa. Ikizamini kimwe cyiza cyane kigabanya ibyago bya kanseri mugihe cyo gukuraho adenoma ishobora gukura mumyaka. Kugaragaza gahunda hamwe nubwitabire bwiza biteza imbere kubaho mumiryango yose. Ibizamini bidasobanutse bifasha, ariko ibisubizo byiza biracyakeneye ikizamini cya colonoskopi. Gukurikiza gahunda isobanutse, umurongo ngenderwaho hamwe nitsinda ryabahanga ritanga uburinzi bwiza bwigihe kirekire.

Impamvu ikora neza

• Reba mu buryo butaziguye amara akurikiranye na colonoscope

• Gukuraho ako kanya polyps ikekwa

• Biopsies kubisubizo nyabyo mugihe bikenewe

Niki cyongera gahunda neza

• Kumenyekanisha rubanda no kubona byoroshye kwerekanwa

• Amara yo mu rwego rwohejuru yitegura no gukora ibizamini byuzuye

• Gukurikiranwa kwizewe nyuma yikizamini cyiza kidashoboka

Igitabo cyo Gutegura Colonoscopi

Gutegura neza nigice kimwe cyingenzi cyikizamini. Umuyoboro usukuye ureka umuganga akabona ibikomere bito, binini kandi akirinda ibizamini bisubirwamo. Kurikiza indyo isigaranye bike nkuko ubigiriwemo inama, hanyuma uhindure ibintu bisukuye ejobundi. Fata ibice-bigabanije neza kuri gahunda; kurangiza igice cya kabiri amasaha menshi mbere yuko uhagera. Niba ubona "colonoscop itegura" ivugwa kumurongo, bivuze gusa intambwe yo gutegura colonoscopi. Korana numuvuzi wawe kugirango uhindure imiti yamaraso hamwe nimiti ya diyabete neza. Kwitegura gukomeye bituma colonoskopi ngufi, itekanye, kandi neza.

Indyo n'ibihe

• Indyo isigaranye iminsi 2-33 mbere yo kugirwa inama

• Amazi meza asukuye ejobundi; irinde irangi ry'umutuku cyangwa ubururu

• Ntakintu kumunwa mugihe cyo kwisonzesha ikipe yawe yashizeho

Tegura inama

• Gutandukanya-dose itegura neza kuruta ikinini kimwe

• Shyira igisubizo hanyuma ukoreshe ibyatsi kugirango byoroshye

• Komeza unywe amazi meza kugeza igihe cyo guhagarika

Amakosa asanzwe no gukosora - imanza nyazo

• Urubanza 1 (kwibeshya): yahagaritse amazi asukuye hakiri kare yihuta ikinini cya mbere → Igisubizo: umusaruro mwinshi mugitondo cyibizamini; kutagaragara neza. Gukosora: kurangiza ikinini cya mbere mugihe, komeza amazi meza kugeza igihe cyemewe, hanyuma utangire ikinini kabiri kumasaha yagenwe.

• Urubanza rwa 2 (kwibeshya): kurya ibiryo bya fibre nyinshi nyuma ya saa sita mbere yo kwitegura → Igisubizo: ibisigisigi bisigaye; ikizamini cyagombaga kwimurwa. Gukosora: tangira ibisigara bike mbere kandi wirinde imbuto, uruhu, ibinyampeke muminsi 2-3 niba ubigiriwe inama.

• Urubanza rwa 3 (kwibeshya): yafashe amaraso yoroheje atabanje gusuzuma → Igisubizo: inzira yatinze kubwumutekano. Gukosora: suzuma imiti yose hamwe nikipe icyumweru kiri imbere; kurikira neza gahunda yo guhagarara / ikiraro.

Colonoscopy Ibinyoma vs Ukuri

Ibihimbano birashobora gutuma abantu batitaho. Kubisiba bituma ibyemezo byoroha kandi bitekanye kubantu bose batekereza colonoscopi.

Hamwe no kwitegura neza hamwe nitsinda rifite uburambe, colonoskopi ikoresheje colonoscope igezweho itanga inzira yizewe, ifatika yo kwirinda kanseri no gusobanura ibimenyetso bitera ibibazo. Ibisubizo bisanzwe mubisanzwe bisobanura intera ndende kugeza ikizamini gikurikiraho, mugihe polyps cyangwa ibyagaragaye cyane bishobora guhamagarira gukurikiranwa hafi. Komeza raporo zawe, vugurura amateka yumuryango, kandi ukurikize gahunda wemeranijweho. Hamwe na gahunda isobanutse neza ya colonoskopi no kuvura colonoscopique mugihe, abantu benshi bakomeza kurinda bikomeye, igihe kirekire kwirinda kanseri yibara.

Ibibazo

1. Colonoscopi ni iki

   Colonoscopi ni ikizamini cy amara manini akoresha videwo yoroheje ya colonoskopi kugirango yerekane umurongo w'imbere kuri ecran. Muganga arashobora gukuraho polyps no gufata biopsies mugihe kimwe.

2. Nfite imyaka ingahe kubona colonoscopi

   Impuzandengo yingaruka abantu bakuru batangirira kumirongo ngenderwaho yo gusuzuma. Niba umuvandimwe wa hafi yarwaye kanseri yibara cyangwa adenoma yateye imbere urashobora gutangira mbere yimyaka icumi mbere yuko bene wabo basuzumisha imyaka.

3. Ni kangahe nkeneye colonoskopi niba ibisubizo byanjye ari ibisanzwe

   Nyuma yikizamini cyiza cyiza gisanzwe igenzura rishyirwaho intera ndende. Raporo yawe irerekana itariki yagenwe kandi ugomba kuzana iyo raporo mugusura ejo hazaza.

4. Kuki colonoskopi yitwa igipimo cya zahabu

   Ikizamini cya colonoskopi cyemerera umuganga kubona colon yose hanyuma agakuraho ibikomere byihutirwa. Ibi bigabanya ibyago bya kanseri bizaza kuruta ibizamini byerekana amaraso cyangwa ADN gusa kuntebe.

5. Nibihe bimenyetso byerekana ikizamini cyo gusuzuma colonoscopique

   Kuva amaraso yu muyoboro uhoraho amara ahindura fer kubura anemia ikizamini cyintebe nziza hamwe nububabare bwo munda budasobanutse nibisanzwe. Amateka akomeye yumuryango nayo ashyigikira isuzuma mugihe.