Endoscope: Kusanthula Kuzama kwa Kapangidwe ndi Kujambula Kwamawonekedwe

Pazamankhwala amakono komanso kuyesa kwa mafakitale, endoscopy yakhala chida chofunikira kwambiri pakuwunika ndi kuzindikira chifukwa cha zabwino zake zapadera. Endoscope ndi chipangizo chovuta chomwe chimaphatikizana

Pazamankhwala amakono komanso kuyezetsa kwa mafakitale, endoscopy yakhala chida chofunikira kwambiri pakuwunika ndi kuzindikira chifukwa cha zabwino zake zapadera. Endoscope ndi chipangizo chovuta kwambiri chomwe chimaphatikizira mawonekedwe achikhalidwe, ergonomics, makina olondola, zamagetsi zamakono, masamu, ndiukadaulo wamapulogalamu. Endoscope ndi chida chodziwira chomwe chimaphatikizira mawonekedwe achikhalidwe, ma ergonomics, makina olondola, zamagetsi zamakono, masamu, ndi mapulogalamu. Imakhala ndi masensa azithunzi, magalasi owoneka bwino, kuwala kowunikira, zida zamakina, ndi zina zambiri. Imatha kulowa m'mimba kudzera pakamwa kapena kulowa m'thupi kudzera munjira zina zachilengedwe. Endoscopy ndiyothandiza kwambiri kwa madokotala chifukwa imalola kuwonekera kwa zotupa zomwe sizingawonetsedwe ndi X-ray. Mwachitsanzo, mothandizidwa ndi endoscope, madokotala amatha kuona zilonda zam'mimba kapena zotupa m'mimba ndikupanga dongosolo labwino kwambiri lamankhwala potengera izi.


Ponena za kugwiritsa ntchito, zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: ma endoscopes azachipatala ndi ma endoscopes azachipatala.


Ponena za mitundu ya endoscopes mafakitale, iwo anawagawa endoscopes kuwala, CHIKWANGWANI chamawonedwe endoscopes, endoscopes zamagetsi, CCD kanema endoscopes, CMOS kanema endoscopes, ndi magetsi 360 ° endoscopes zochokera mawonekedwe awo kujambula. Malinga ndi mitundu ya magetsi a endoscope, amagawidwa kukhala ma endoscopes a nyali amtundu wa fluorescent, fiber halogen endoscopes, ndi ma endoscopes a LED.


Kuchokera pamawonedwe ogwiritsira ntchito, ma endoscopes amatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: mafakitale ndi azachipatala. Mbiri yachitukuko cha ma endoscopes azachipatala ndi yayitali, ndipo mawonekedwe awo amajambula ndi matekinoloje akupitilizabe kusintha. Pakalipano, amatha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu: ma endoscopes olimba a chubu, optical fiber (flexible chubu) endoscopes, ndi endoscopes zamagetsi.


Ponena za kagawidwe ka ma endoscopes azachipatala, amatha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu kutengera kakulidwe kawo ndi kapangidwe kazithunzi: ma endoscopes olimba a chubu, ma endoscopes owoneka bwino (machubu osinthika), ndi ma endoscope amagetsi.


Pali mitundu ingapo ya ma endoscopes omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa mayeso azachipatala, iliyonse ili ndi njira yakeyake. Nthawi zambiri, njira zitatu zotsatirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Pankhani ya malonda amsika, magulu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi ma lens olimba ndi ma lens osinthasintha malinga ndi momwe angasinthire njira muzochita zachipatala.


Hard chubu endoscopy ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yoyambirira ya endoscopes, yomwe imapangidwa ndi chitsulo kapena pulasitiki yolimba komanso yokhala ndi zida zowoneka bwino komanso njira yowunikira mkati. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake osavuta komanso kulimba, ma endoscopes olimba a chubu akadali ndi ntchito m'malo ena azachipatala. Komabe, chifukwa chosowa kusinthasintha, sizingakhale zabwino pazofunikira zina zowunikira.


Kutuluka kwa ma optical fiber (flexible chubu) endoscopes kumayimira kupita patsogolo kwakukulu kwaukadaulo wa endoscopic. Imagwiritsa ntchito ulusi wa kuwala ngati njira yowunikira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti endoscope ikhale yosinthika komanso yowoneka bwino. Optical fiber endoscopy siyoyenera kungoyang'ana pamwamba, komanso kuyang'ana minofu yakuya, motero yalimbikitsidwa kwambiri m'magwiritsidwe azachipatala.


Electronic endoscope ndi mtundu waposachedwa wa endoscope womwe umagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wamagetsi pakujambula. Ili ndi kamera yaying'ono ndi sensa yazithunzi, yomwe imatha kusintha zithunzi zomwe zimawonedwa kukhala ma siginecha amagetsi ndikuziwonetsa kudzera munjira yopangira makanema. Ma endoscope amagetsi ali ndi chithunzithunzi chapamwamba, ntchito yosinthika, ndipo imatha kulumikizidwa ndi zida zina zamankhwala kudzera m'malo osiyanasiyana kuti akwaniritse kutumiza ndi kusungirako deta. Kuphatikiza apo, ma endoscopes amagetsi amakhalanso ndi ntchito yokulitsa, yomwe imatha kuwunikira mwatsatanetsatane malo otupa.


Ma endoscopes a mafakitale amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka poyang'anira ndi kukonza ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Malinga ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yojambula, ma endoscopes ogulitsa mafakitale amatha kugawidwa m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana monga ma endoscopes owoneka, ma endoscopes owoneka bwino, ma endoscopes apakompyuta, ma endoscopes amtundu wa CCD, ma endoscopes a kanema a CMOS, ndi ma endoscopes amagetsi a 360 °. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma endoscopes am'mafakitale ili ndi mawonekedwe awoawo ndipo imatha kukwaniritsa zosowa zodziwika munthawi zosiyanasiyana. Pakadali pano, ma endoscopes a mafakitale amatha kugawidwanso kutengera mtundu wa gwero la kuwala, monga ma endoscopes a nyali za fluorescent, fiber halogen endoscopes, ndi ma endoscopes a LED.

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Kaya ndi ntchito zamankhwala kapena mafakitale, mfundo zoyambira zogwiritsira ntchito ma endoscopes zimatengera mfundo zowonera. Kutengera ma endoscopes azachipatala monga mwachitsanzo, kuwala komwe kumatulutsidwa ndi gwero la kuwala kumafalikira kudzera mu kuwala (fiber optic) kupita ku ziwalo zamkati za thupi la munthu. Gawo loti liwunikenso limafaniziridwa ndi magalasi amtundu wa CCD, kenako mayendetsedwe a CCD amayang'anira CCD kuti atolere zithunzi ndi mavidiyo kuti azitha kuwona ndi kuunika. Njira yowunika iyi yosasokoneza imachepetsa kwambiri ululu wa wodwalayo, komanso kuwongolera kulondola komanso luso la matenda.


Endoscope, monga chida chodziwikiratu chapamwamba, chimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pazachipatala ndi zaumoyo komanso kupanga mafakitale. Ndi kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo, ukadaulo wa endoscopes ukungopanga zatsopano komanso kuwongolera. M'tsogolomu, zopangira zatsopano za endoscopic zidzatuluka, zomwe zimapereka chitsimikizo champhamvu chaumoyo wa anthu komanso chitetezo chopanga.