Endoscope: Okwekenenya mu buziba bw’enzimba n’okukuba ebifaananyi mu maaso

Mu by’eddagala ery’omulembe n’okukebera mu makolero, endoscopy efuuse ekintu ekyetaagisa ennyo mu kukebera n’okuzuula obulwadde olw’ebirungi byayo eby’enjawulo. Endoscope kye kyuma ekizibu ennyo nga integ

Mu by’eddagala ery’omulembe n’okukebera mu makolero, endoscopy efuuse ekintu ekyetaagisa ennyo mu kukebera n’okuzuula obulwadde olw’ebirungi byayo eby’enjawulo. Endoscope kyuma kizibu ekigatta eby’amaaso eby’ennono, ergonomics, ebyuma ebituufu, ebyuma eby’omulembe, okubala, ne tekinologiya wa software. Endoscope kye kimu ku bikozesebwa mu kuzuula ekigatta eby’amaaso eby’ennono, ergonomics, ebyuma ebituufu, ebyuma eby’omulembe, okubala, ne software. Kirina sensa z’ebifaananyi, lenzi ezitunula, okutaasa ensibuko y’ekitangaala, ebyuma ebikanika n’ebirala Kisobola okuyingira mu lubuto ng’eyita mu kamwa oba okuyingira mu mubiri ng’eyita mu mikutu emirala egy’obutonde. Endoscopy ya mugaso nnyo eri abasawo kuba esobozesa okulaba ebiwundu ebitasobola kulagibwa mu X-ray. Okugeza nga bayambibwako endoscope, abasawo basobola okwetegereza amabwa oba ebizimba mu lubuto ne bakola enteekateeka y’obujjanjabi esinga obulungi nga basinziira ku kino.


Mu ngeri y’okukozesaamu, kiyinza okwawulwamu mu biti bibiri: endoscopes z’amakolero ne endoscopes ez’obujjanjabi.


Ku bikwata ku bika bya endoscopes z’amakolero, zaawulwamu endoscopes ez’amaaso, endoscopes ez’amaaso aga fiber, endoscopes ez’amasannyalaze, endoscopes za vidiyo za CCD, endoscopes za vidiyo za CMOS, ne endoscopes ez’amasannyalaze eza 360 ° okusinziira ku ngeri zazo ez’okukuba ebifaananyi. Okusinziira ku bika by’ensibuko z’ekitangaala kya endoscope, zaawulwamu endoscopes z’ettaala ezimasamasa eza frequency enkulu, endoscopes z’ettaala za fiber halogen, ne endoscopes eza LED.


Okusinziira ku ndowooza y’okukozesa, endoscopes zisobola okwawulwamu mu biti bibiri: eby’amakolero n’eby’obujjanjabi. Ebyafaayo by’enkulaakulana y’ebikozesebwa mu kukebera eby’obujjanjabi biwanvu, era ensengeka zaabyo ez’okukuba ebifaananyi ne tekinologiya bikyagenda mu maaso n’okukulaakulana. Mu kiseera kino, okusinga zisobola okwawulwamu ebika bisatu: endoscopes za rigid tube, endoscopes za optical fiber (flexible tube), ne endoscopes ez’ebyuma.


Ku bikwata ku kugabanya endoscope z’obujjanjabi, zisobola okwawulwamu mu biti bisatu okusinziira ku nkula yazo n’ensengeka y’ebifaananyi: endoscopes za rigid tube, endoscopes za optical fiber (flexible tube), ne endoscopes ez’ebyuma.


Waliwo ebika bya endoscopes bingi eby’enjawulo ebikozesebwa mu kukebera abasawo, nga buli emu erina enkola yaayo ey’okugabanya. Okutwalira awamu, enkola zino wammanga essatu ez’okugabanyamu ze zisinga okukozesebwa. Mu kutunda akatale, ebika ebisinga okukozesebwa bye bino: lenzi enkalu ne lenzi ezikyukakyuka okusinziira ku oba zisobola okukyusa obulagirizi mu nkola y’obujjanjabi.


Hard tube endoscopy y’emu ku ngeri za endoscopes ezasooka, ezikolebwa mu kyuma oba obuveera obugumu era nga zirimu ebitundu ebirabika n’enkola y’okutambuza ekitangaala munda. Olw’ensengeka yaayo ennyangu n’okuwangaala, endoscopes za rigid tube zikyalina okukozesebwa mu bifo ebimu eby’obujjanjabi ebitongole. Naye olw’obutakyukakyuka, kiyinza obutaba kirungi nnyo ku byetaago ebimu ebizibu eby’okukebera.


Okujja kwa endoscopes eziyitibwa optical fiber (flexible tube) endoscopes zikiikirira enkulaakulana ennene mu tekinologiya wa endoscopic. Ekozesa obuwuzi bw’amaaso ng’ekintu ekitambuza ekitangaala, ekiwa endoscope okukyukakyuka okulungi n’okulaba okugazi. Optical fiber endoscopy tesaanira kukebera kungulu kwokka, naye era n’okwetegereza ebitundu ebizito, bwe kityo ebadde etumbulwa nnyo mu kukozesebwa mu bujjanjabi.


Electronic endoscope kye kika kya endoscope ekisembyeyo nga kikozesa tekinologiya ow’ebyuma okukuba ebifaananyi. Eriko kkamera entonotono ne sensa y’ebifaananyi, esobola okukyusa ebifaananyi ebitunuuliddwa mu bubonero bw’amasannyalaze n’okubiraga ng’eyita mu nkola ekola ku vidiyo. Endoscopes ez’ebyuma zirina ebifaananyi ebitangaavu ennyo, zikola mu ngeri ekyukakyuka, era zisobola okuyungibwa ku byuma ebirala eby’obujjanjabi nga ziyita mu nkolagana ez’enjawulo okutuuka ku kutambuza n’okutereka data. Okugatta ku ekyo, endoscopes ez’ebyuma nazo zirina omulimu ogw’okukuza, oguyinza okuwa okwetegereza mu bujjuvu ekifo ekiwundu.


Endoscopes z’amakolero zisinga kukozesebwa mu mirimu gy’okukebera n’okuddaabiriza mu bintu eby’enjawulo eby’amakolero. Okusinziira ku ngeri ez’enjawulo ez’okukuba ebifaananyi, endoscope z’amakolero zisobola okwawulwamu ebika eby’enjawulo nga endoscopes ez’amaaso, endoscopes ez’amaaso aga fiber, endoscopes ez’ebyuma, endoskopu za vidiyo za CCD, endoskopu za vidiyo eza CMOS, ne endoscopes ez’amasannyalaze eza 360 °. Ebika bino eby’enjawulo ebya endoscopes z’amakolero birina engeri zaabyo era bisobola okutuukiriza ebyetaago by’okuzuula mu mbeera ez’enjawulo. Mu kiseera kino, endoskopu z’amakolero zisobola okwongera okugabanyizibwamu okusinziira ku kika ky’ensibuko y’ekitangaala, gamba nga endoskopu z’ettaala ezimasamasa eza frequency enkulu, endoskopu z’ettaala za fiber halogen, ne endoskopu za LED.

444

Ka kibeere nga kya kukozesebwa mu by’obujjanjabi oba mu makolero, enkola enkulu ey’okukola eya endoscopes yeesigamiziddwa ku nkola z’okukuba ebifaananyi eby’amaaso. Nga tutwala endoscopes z’abasawo ng’ekyokulabirako, ekitangaala ekifulumizibwa ensibuko y’ekitangaala kiyita mu kitangaala (fiber optic) okutuuka mu bitundu eby’omunda eby’omubiri gw’omuntu. Ekitundu ekigenda okwekebejjebwa kifaananyizibwa lenzi y’ekigendererwa ku CCD ey’ensengekera ey’okungulu, olwo ekiyungo ekivuga ekya CCD ne kifuga CCD okukung’aanya ebifaananyi n’okufulumya obubonero bwa vidiyo obwa bulijjo abasawo basobole okwetegereza n’okwekenneenya. Enkola eno ey’okukebera etali ya kuyingirira ekendeeza nnyo ku bulumi bw’omulwadde, ate era n’elongoosa obutuufu n’obulungi bw’okuzuula obulwadde.


Endoscope, ng’ekintu eky’omulembe eky’okuzuula, kikola kinene mu by’obujjanjabi n’ebyobulamu wamu n’okufulumya ebintu mu makolero. Olw’okukulaakulana kwa tekinologiya, tekinologiya wa endoscopes buli kiseera ayiiya era alongooka. Mu biseera eby’omu maaso, ebintu ebirala ebiyiiya eby’okukebera endoscopic bijja kuvaayo, nga biwa obukakafu obw’amaanyi ku bulamu bw’abantu n’obukuumi bw’okufulumya.